Savanah+Weston

__Effect of Temperature on Bisphenol A Leaching Out of Polyethylene Terephthalate and Aluminum Cans__ (I know this is nit-picking, but you should use commas in your title. Trevor) Problem: Does temperature affect the amount of bisphenol A released into a substance? Introduction: Bisphenol A is a synthetic estrogen that is more commonly known as BPA. BPA is an unstable compound and is also lipophilic (If someone doesn't know the definition of lipophilic the meaning of the entire sentance is lost. To fix this you might consider adding the definition of lipophilic Trevor )  so it can easily leach into food products especially when heated. BPA is released 55 times more rapidly in hot water. ( Bisphenol A (BPA). Too much BPA in ones system can cause an increase chance of cancer, obesity, brain activity related to memory, learning, and mood. BPA increases these risks because it disrupts the hormone system especially in babies in the womb or early life. Babies are less effective at breaking down BPA’s than adults because their bodies are so early in development that their systems are not as advanced for detoxifying chemicals. Because of this, the FDA banned the use of BPA in baby bottles and formula packaging. The adicity (sp)  of the product also causes more BPA to leach into foods. Polyethylene terephthalate is a polymer in the polyester family used to produce water bottles. Temperatures range in the Midwest from an average of 24 degrees Celsius in summer to -4 degrees Celsius in winter. What is the method you will be using to measure the amount of BPA? (Hanna Kulavic) Hypothesis: If the temperature is increased then more bisphenol A will leach into both the polyethylene terephthalate and aluminum cans. Materials: TOTAL: $250.74 Methods: Your procedure is really detailed and precise which is good. (Hanna Kulavic)
 * 20 Nestle Water Pure Life Bottles $5.99 for 24 pack
 * 20 Hunt’s Diced Tomato Cans $6.27 for 8 pack
 * 80 Cotton Swabs $6.58
 * 1 Disposable Plastic Cup $0.16
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">80 Small Disposable White Plastic Plate $7.98
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1.23mL Acetone $1.49
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">236.5mL Distilled Water $1.00
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Water
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bisphenol A Indicator: Iron(III) chloride <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: sub;">4 <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Need one per trial) $29.99 for one kit(1 kit=50 tests)
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1000mL Beaker $148.50
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Tin Snips $13.98
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hot Plate $20.85
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ice $3.00
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Graduated Cylinder $4.95
 * 1) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">First fill the beaker with water till it is about 3/4th full.
 * 2) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Set the beaker full of water onto the hot plate.
 * 3) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Heat the beaker full of water until the water is boiling.
 * 4) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place one full, unopened water bottle, into the beaker.
 * 5) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Leave the water sitting in the boiling water for 5 minutes.
 * 6) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Carefully take the water bottle out of the boiling water. (If you just take the bottle out of boiling water it will probably be hot, If this is the case you might want to wear heat resistant gloves or let the water bottle cool before continuing Trevor)
 * 7) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Open the water bottle and dump the water out of the bottle.
 * 8) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Take the tin snips to cut a piece of the plastic out of the bottle.
 * 9) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Lightly soak a cotton swab in Acetone and rub it against the inside of the water bottle for one minute.
 * 10) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Allow the cotton swab to air dry so the acetone can dry.
 * 11) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In a plastic cup, mix 1.23mL of Bisphenol A indicator and 236.5mL of distilled water.
 * 12) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Label this solution, “Indicator”.
 * 13) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">On the white plastic plate, place one drop of the indicator solution.
 * 14) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Dip the dried test swab into the solution allowing it to soak of the liquid.
 * 15) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Record what appears. *if there is bisphenol A present on the swab, a purple, blue or green coloration will appear in 1-10 minutes.
 * 16) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 13 through 15 with a clean (untreated) swab which will serve as a reference to help distinguish the color-change.
 * 17) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 1 through 16 with 4 addition water bottles.
 * 18) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 1 through 17 but instead of boiling the water, heat the water to 24 degrees Celsius.
 * 19) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 1 through 17 but instead of boiling the water, cool the water to -4 degrees Celsius.
 * 20) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 7 through 17 with a water bottle at room temperature.
 * 21) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 1 through 20 with the can of tomatoes.